The social and historical foundations of libraries in India can be traced back to ancient times, with a rich tradition of oral storytelling and written texts. Over the centuries, libraries have played an important role in preserving and promoting cultural heritage, supporting education and literacy, and serving as a source of knowledge and information for individuals and communities.
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Ancient India (600 BCE to 600 CE): Libraries in ancient India, known as “Sarvajna Peethas,” served as centers of learning and knowledge. They housed handwritten manuscripts on various subjects, including literature, religion, and science.
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Mughal Period (1500s to 1700s): During the Mughal period, libraries were established in major cities, including Delhi, Agra, and Lahore. These libraries contained collections of Persian and Arabic manuscripts, as well as Indian works in Sanskrit, Prakrit, and other local languages.
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British colonial period (1757 to 1947): During the British colonial period, libraries were established in India to support the administration and spread of British culture and values. Many of these libraries were attached to British institutions, such as schools and colleges, and were intended to serve British colonial officials.
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Post-independence (1947 to present): After India gained independence in 1947, the government made a concerted effort to establish libraries in rural areas and promote literacy. National programs were launched to provide educational resources, such as books and reading materials, to individuals and communities across the country.
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Modern Era (1980s to present): In the modern era, libraries in India have continued to evolve to meet the changing needs of individuals and communities. With advancements in technology, libraries now offer access to digital resources and the internet, in addition to traditional books and materials. Libraries also serve as community centers, offering cultural, social, and educational activities for individuals of all ages.
Overall, the social and historical foundations of libraries in India reflect a rich tradition of knowledge-seeking and a commitment to promoting education and cultural heritage. Despite challenges and changes over the centuries, libraries continue to play a vital role in supporting individuals and communities in their pursuit of knowledge and personal growth.
Questions and Answer
1. What was the ancient Indian equivalent of a library?
a. Sarvajna Peetha
b. Mughal Library
c. British Library
d. Modern Library
Answer: a. Sarvajna Peetha
2. During which period were libraries established in major cities in India?
a. Ancient India
b. Mughal Period
c. British colonial period
d. Post-independence
Answer: b. Mughal Period
3. What was the main purpose of libraries established during the British colonial period in India?
a. To support the administration and spread of British culture and values
b. To serve as a center for Indian culture and values
c. To support the administration and spread of Indian culture and values
d. To serve as a center for British culture and values
Answer: a. To support the administration and spread of British culture and values
4. What was the government’s effort after India’s independence in 1947?
a. To establish libraries in urban areas
b. To promote illiteracy
c. To establish libraries in rural areas
d. To promote elitism
Answer: c. To establish libraries in rural areas
5. How have libraries in India evolved in the modern era?
a. They have become obsolete
b. They have become centers for digital resources and the internet
c. They have become centers for traditional books and materials
d. They have become centers for elitism
Answer: b. They have become centers for digital resources and the internet
