Data format refers to the structure and organization of data in a particular file or storage format. In the context of library and information science, common data formats include:
- MARC (Machine Readable Cataloging) format – used for bibliographic data in libraries and used to describe library collections
- Dublin Core – a simple and flexible format for metadata description of digital resources
- PDF (Portable Document Format) – a format for preserving document formatting and allowing for access on a variety of devices
- EPUB (Electronic Publication) – an open standard for the publication of digital books and other forms of content
Example: A library may use MARC records to describe and catalog its collection of books, including information such as the author, title, publication date, and subject matter. This information can then be shared with other libraries and made available to patrons through online catalogs and discovery systems.
