Data format refers to the structure and organization of data in a particular file or storage format. In the context of library and information science, common data formats include: MARC (Machine Readable Cataloging) format – used for bibliographic data in libraries and used to describe library collections Dublin Core – a simple and flexible format […]

A Data Flow Diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation of the flow of data within a system. It is used to visualize the flow of data from the source to the destination, and the processing that occurs in between. A DFD shows the inputs and outputs of a system, the data storage, and the interactions […]

The Library of Congress’ Bibliographic Framework (BIBFRAME) is a data model and set of standards for representing bibliographic information in the digital age. It was developed by the Library of Congress as a replacement for the aging MARC (Machine-Readable Cataloging) format, which has been widely used in libraries for many years. BIBFRAME provides a more […]

Data exchange is the process of sharing information between two or more systems, applications, or entities. It enables the transfer of data from one system to another in a structured manner. In the context of library and information science, an example of data exchange is the transfer of bibliographic records between libraries. For example, the […]

Data encryption refers to the process of converting plain text into a coded format to protect the confidentiality and integrity of the data. In the context of library science, data encryption is used to secure digital collections, online databases, and communication channels. For example, a library may use data encryption to protect sensitive information stored in […]

Data compression is the process of reducing the size of data in order to save storage space, reduce bandwidth usage, or speed up data transfer. In the context of library science, data compression is used to manage and preserve digital content, such as books, images, and audio and video files. An example of data compression in […]

Data communication refers to the exchange of data or information between two or more devices or computers. It involves the transfer of data from one device to another through a communication channel, such as a wired or wireless network, to achieve a specific objective.Example:A company has two offices located in different cities, and employees in each […]

Data analysis refers to the process of evaluating and interpreting data to gain insights and inform decision-making. This process typically involves collecting data, cleaning and organizing it, and using statistical techniques and tools to analyze the data and draw meaningful conclusions. Example: A marketing research company is conducting a survey to determine consumer preferences for different […]

A Cyber Library, also known as an Electronic Library or Digital Library, is a library that provides access to electronic resources, such as e-books, e-journals, and databases, over the internet. The goal of a cyber library is to provide patrons with 24/7 access to information from anywhere, at any time, using any device with an internet […]

CrossRef is a not-for-profit membership organization that provides a central infrastructure for registering and maintaining persistent identifiers, called Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs), for scholarly content, such as journal articles, conference proceedings, and monographs. The goal of CrossRef is to make it easier for researchers, publishers, and libraries to find, cite, link, and assess the scholarly content […]

Courseware refers to educational materials, such as multimedia and interactive content, that are specifically designed to support and enhance the learning experience in a particular course or subject area. Courseware is often used in conjunction with traditional instructional methods, such as lectures and textbooks, to provide students with a more engaging and interactive learning experience. In […]

COUNTER (Counting Online Usage of Networked Electronic Resources) 4 is a set of standards and protocols for measuring and reporting usage of online resources, such as electronic journals and databases, in a consistent and comparable way. The purpose of COUNTER is to provide librarians, publishers, and vendors with reliable and relevant usage statistics that can be […]

Cost analysis is the process of examining and evaluating the cost of a product, service, or project to determine its affordability, feasibility, and value. This involves breaking down the costs into smaller, more manageable parts and evaluating each component individually to determine the overall cost. Cost analysis can be performed at various stages of a project […]

Corporate library  A corporate library is a library that is established and maintained by a business or corporation for the use of its employees. These libraries may contain books, journals, newspapers, periodicals, reports, and other materials relevant to the industry or specific needs of the organization. The purpose of a corporate library is to support the information […]

Copyright in India is governed by the Copyright Act of 1957, which grants exclusive rights to creators of original literary, musical, artistic, and cinematographic works. This means that the creators have the right to control the use, reproduction, and distribution of their works. For example, if an author writes a novel, they have the exclusive right […]

Controlled vocabulary  Controlled vocabulary is a predefined and limited set of terms used to describe the items in a collection, such as books, articles, or images. These terms are selected by the cataloger and standardized to ensure consistency and accuracy in the description and retrieval of information. For example, in a library catalog, a controlled […]